Sunscreen is an essential item we should apply every day. But when it comes to choosing one, terms like ‘physical’ and ‘chemical’ can be confusing. Which one should I choose for my skin?๐ค
Today, we’ll delve into the differences between physical and chemical sunscreens and find out which type is more suitable for different skin types.
Basic Knowledge: Physical vs. Chemical Sunscreen
Sunscreens generally work in two main ways:
- Physical Sunscreen (Mineral Sunscreen): Forms a barrier on the skin’s surface to reflect UV rays.
- Chemical Sunscreen (Organic Sunscreen): Absorbed into the skin, then converts UV rays into heat energy and releases them.
Key ingredients are as follows:
- Physical UV-blocking ingredients: Zinc Oxide, Titanium Dioxide
- Chemical UV-blocking ingredients: Oxybenzone, Avobenzone, Octinoxate, Octocrylene, etc. (Complicated names, right?๐ )
Scientific Analysis: Mechanism of Action and Effects
Physical sunscreens act like a ‘shield’ by creating a protective layer on the skin’s surface to bounce off UV rays. They are effective in blocking both broad-spectrum UVA and UVB. According to a review article published in the *Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology* in 2018, zinc oxide and titanium dioxide provide broad-spectrum UV protection and have a low potential for skin irritation.
Chemical sunscreens are absorbed into the skin, where they absorb UV rays and then convert them into heat energy through a chemical reaction. They act like a ‘sponge’ absorbing UV light. Recently, concerns have been raised about the impact of certain chemical ingredients, such as oxybenzone and octinoxate, on marine ecosystems. There are also reports that they can cause skin irritation in some individuals.
From a formulation perspective, many hybrid sunscreens are now available that combine physical and chemical UV-blocking ingredients to leverage their advantages and compensate for their drawbacks.
Safety Profile
EWG Ratings:
- Zinc Oxide, Titanium Dioxide: EWG 1-3 (Low hazard)
- Oxybenzone, Octinoxate: EWG 3-8 (Moderate-High hazard, controversial)
Regulatory Status: Oxybenzone and octinoxate are banned or restricted in some countries, such as Hawaii and Palau, to protect marine ecosystems.
Who should avoid:
- Physical Sunscreen: There are no specific people who must avoid it, but caution is advised if you have an allergy to zinc oxide or titanium dioxide.
- Chemical Sunscreen: Individuals with sensitive skin, pregnant women, and infants should avoid potentially irritating ingredients like oxybenzone and octinoxate.
Common Sensitive Reactions: Chemical UV-blocking ingredients can rarely cause allergic reactions or skin irritation. Physical sunscreens are relatively safe but can rarely clog pores and cause breakouts.
Practical Application: Choosing the Right Sunscreen for Your Skin
Recommendations by Skin Type:
- Sensitive Skin: Physical sunscreen (Zinc Oxide, Titanium Dioxide)
- Oily Skin: Physical or chemical sunscreen with a light feel (choose non-comedogenic products)
- Dry Skin: Physical or chemical sunscreen containing moisturizing ingredients
- Children: Physical sunscreen
Ingredients to use with/avoid: There are no specific ingredients that should not be used together, but if you use exfoliating ingredients like retinol or AHA/BHA, it’s important to apply sunscreen thoroughly to prevent skin irritation.
Product Recommendations: (Actual product recommendations will be left to the discretion of SYNC SEOUL editors.)
Conclusion
Both physical and chemical sunscreens have their pros and cons. It’s important to choose a sunscreen that suits your skin type and lifestyle. The most important thing is to make it a habit to apply sunscreen consistently every day!โ๏ธ
If you have any more questions about sunscreen ingredients, please leave a comment!
